解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Abnormal behaviors in captive animals are generally defined as behaviors that are atypical for the species and are often considered to be indicators of poor welfare. Although some abnormal behaviors have been empirically linked to conditions related to elevated stress and compromised welfare in primates, others have l...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2225
更新日期:2016-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Early detection of social anxiety and loneliness might be useful to prevent substantial impairment in personal relationships. Understanding the way people use smartphones can be beneficial for implementing an early detection of social anxiety and loneliness. This paper examines different types of smartphon...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2197
更新日期:2016-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::N-Acetyl-p-Aminophenol (APAP), also known as acetaminophen, is the most commonly used over-the counter analgesic and antipyretic medication. However, its overdose leads to both liver and kidney damage. APAP-induced toxicity is considered as one of the primary causes of acute liver failure; numerous scientific reports ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2127
更新日期:2016-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Computerised cognitive assessments are a vital tool in the behavioural sciences, but participants often view them as effortful and unengaging. One potential solution is to add gamelike elements to these tasks in order to make them more intrinsically enjoyable, and some researchers have posited that a more engaging tas...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2184
更新日期:2016-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Although the trot is described as a diagonal gait, contacts of the diagonal pairs of hooves are not usually perfectly synchronized. Although subtle, the timing dissociation between contacts of each diagonal pair could have consequences on gait dynamics and provide insight into the functional strategies emp...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2190
更新日期:2016-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated pollution levels in water and sediments of Península de Paraguaná and related these levels with benthic macrofauna along a coastal area where the largest Venezuelan oil refineries have operated over the past 60 years. For this, the concentration of heavy metals, of hydrocarbon compounds and the co...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2171
更新日期:2016-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Bioluminescent reporter genes, such as those from fireflies and bacteria, let researchers use light production as a non-invasive and non-destructive surrogate measure of microbial numbers in a wide variety of environments. As bioluminescence needs microbial metabolites, tagging microorganisms with luciferases means on...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2130
更新日期:2016-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Background. A large proportion of natural grasslands around the world is exposed to overgrazing resulting in land degradation and biodiversity loss. Although there is an increasing effort in the promotion of sustainable livestock management, rangeland degradation still occurs because animals' foraging behaviour is hig...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2152
更新日期:2016-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Genome-wide association studies have succeeded in detecting novel common variants which associate with complex diseases. As a result of the fast changes in next generation sequencing technology, a large number of sequencing data are generated, which offers great opportunities to identify rare variants that...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2139
更新日期:2016-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Geriatric syndromes (GS) exhibit high prevalence in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) under chronic dialysis irrespective of age. We sought to determine whether GS influences medication adherence in ESRD patients. Methods. A prospective cohort of chronic dialysis patients was assembled. The pres...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2122
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Background.Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.] is one of the most important native tree species for timber production in southern China. An understanding of overall fast growing stage, stem growth stage and senescence stage cambium transcriptome variation is lacking. We used transcriptome sequencing to...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2097
更新日期:2016-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::The Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) comprises several oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems limited by phosphorus. These aquatic systems are dominated by a high prokaryotic diversity, shaped by the stress of low nutrient supplies and interspecific competition. Although fungi constitute a diverse and important component of micro...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2064
更新日期:2016-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Climate change concurrent with anthropogenic disturbances can initiate serial changes that reverberate up the food chain with repercussions for fisheries. To date, there is no information available concerning the combined effects of global warming and human impacts on tropical marine food webs. While tempe...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2052
更新日期:2016-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Massively parallel sequencing technology is being used to sequence highly diverse populations of DNA such as that derived from heterogeneous cell mixtures containing both wild-type and disease-related states. At the core of such molecule tagging techniques is the tagging and identification of sequence read...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2074
更新日期:2016-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is the first enzyme in the monolignol-specific branch of the lignin biosynthetic pathway. In this research, three sorghum CCR genes including SbCCR1, SbCCR2-1 and SbCCR2-2 were cloned and characterized. Analyses of the structure and phylogeny of the three CCR genes showed evolutionary con...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2005
更新日期:2016-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::One of the major challenges of bone tissue engineering applications is to construct a fully vascularized implant that can adapt to hypoxic environments in vivo. The incorporation of proangiogenic factors into scaffolds is a widely accepted method of achieving this goal. Recently, the proangiogenic potential of mesench...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2040
更新日期:2016-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Haasgat is a primate-rich fossil locality in the northeastern part of the Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here we report the first hominin identified from Haasgat, a partial maxillary molar (HGT 500), that was recovered from an ex situ calcified sediment block sampled from the locality...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2024
更新日期:2016-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::Cordycepin is a component of the extract obtained from Cordyceps militaris and has many biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-metastatic and anti-inflammatory effects. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a degenerative disease that is closely related to the inflammation of nucleus pulposus (NP) cell...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1992
更新日期:2016-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Staurozoan classification is highly subjective, based on phylogeny-free inferences, and suborders, families, and genera are commonly defined by homoplasies. Additionally, many characters used in the taxonomy of the group have ontogenetic and intraspecific variation, and demand new and consistent assessments to establi...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1951
更新日期:2016-05-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Motion sickness may be caused by a sensory conflict between the visual and the vestibular systems. Scopolamine, known to be the most effective therapy to control the vegetative symptoms of motion sickness, acts on the vestibular nucleus and potentially the vestibulospinal pathway, which may affect balance an...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2008
更新日期:2016-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to identify the facets influencing job satisfaction and intention to quit of nurses employed in Turkey. Using a non-probability sampling technique, 417 nurses from six large private hospitals were surveyed from March 2014 to June 2014. The nurses' demographic data, their job-related satisfact...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1896
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The enhanced ability to direct sexual reproduction may lead to improved restoration outcomes for Acropora cervicornis. Gravid fragments of A. cervicornis were maintained in a laboratory for two sequential trials in the seven days prior to natural spawning in the Florida Keys. Ten replicates of five chemicals known to ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1982
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Tethering a fly for stationary flight allows for exquisite control of its sensory input, such as visual or olfactory stimuli or a punishing infrared laser beam. A torque meter measures the turning attempts of the tethered fly around its vertical body axis. By punishing, say, left turning attempts (in a homogeneous env...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1971
更新日期:2016-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-diversity, defined as spatial replacement in species composition, is crucial to the understanding of how local communities assemble. These changes can be driven by environmental or geographic factors (such as geographic distance), or a combination of the two. Spiders have been shown to be good indicators of envir...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1946
更新日期:2016-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The fight against the emergence of mutant influenza strains has led to the screening of an increasing number of compounds for inhibitory activity against influenza neuraminidase. This study explores the chemical space of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), which provides an opportunity to obtain further molecular insight...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1958
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine odorant-binding protein (bOBP) differs from other lipocalins by lacking the conserved disulfide bond and for being able to form the domain-swapped dimers. To identify structural features responsible for the formation of the bOBP unique dimeric structure and to understand the role of the domain swapping on maint...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1933
更新日期:2016-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::In most electric fish species, the electric organ (EO) derives from striated muscle cells that suppress many muscle properties. In the gymnotiform Sternopygus macrurus, mature electrocytes, the current-producing cells of the EO, do not contain sarcomeres, yet they continue to make some cytoskeletal and sarcomeric prot...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1828
更新日期:2016-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Afrotheria is a strongly supported clade within placental mammals, but morphological synapomorphies for the entire group have only recently come to light. Soft tissue characters represent an underutilized source of data for phylogenetic analysis, but nonetheless provide features shared by some or all members of Afroth...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1906
更新日期:2016-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The recent increased integration of evolutionary theory into conservation programs has greatly improved our ability to protect endangered species. A common application of such theory links population dynamics and indices of genetic diversity, usually estimated from neutrally evolving markers. However, some studies hav...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1868
更新日期:2016-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Inherent difficulties of tracking and observing organisms in the field often leave researchers with no choice but to conduct behavioral experiments under laboratory settings. However, results of laboratory experiments do not always translate accurately to natural conditions. A fundamental challenge in ecology is there...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1918
更新日期:2016-04-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue studies at the urban scale are scarce and required for guiding control efforts. In Brazil, the burden of dengue is high and challenges city public health administrations with limited resources. Here we studied the dynamics of a dengue epidemic in a single city. METHODS:Serum samples from dengue suspe...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1892
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Many marine biology studies depend on field work on ships or remote sampling locations where sophisticated sample preservation techniques (e.g., high-pressure freezing) are often limited or unavailable. Our aim was to optimize the ultrastructural preservation of marine invertebrates, especially when working in the fie...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1860
更新日期:2016-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, a massive mortality event has killed millions of sea stars, of many different species, along the Pacific coast of North America. This disease event, known as 'sea star wasting disease' (SSWD), is linked to viral infection. In one affected sea star (Pisaster ochraceus), previous work had identified tha...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1876
更新日期:2016-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::Objective. We hypothesized that a significant percentage of patients who are referred to the Emergency Department (ED) after calling their primary care physician's (PCP) office receive such instructions without the input of a physician. Methods. We enrolled a convenience sample of stable adults at an inner-city ED. Pa...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1507
更新日期:2016-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Wolbachia is an alpha-proteobacterial symbiont widely distributed in arthropods. Since the identification of Wolbachia in certain animal-parasitic nematodes (the Onchocercidae or filariae), the relationship between arthropod and nematode Wolbachia has attracted great interest. The obligate symbiosis in filariae, which...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1840
更新日期:2016-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Philodendron is the second most diverse genus of the Araceae, a tropical monocot family with significant morphological diversity along its wide geographic distribution in the Neotropics. Although evolutionary studies of Philodendron were conducted in recent years, the phylogenetic relationship among its species remain...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1744
更新日期:2016-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Individual movement influences the spatial and social structuring of a population. Animals regularly use the same paths to move efficiently to familiar places, or to patrol and mark home ranges. We found that Australian sleepy lizards (Tiliqua rugosa), a monogamous species with stable pair-bonds, repeatedly used the s...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1844
更新日期:2016-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Physical, visual, chemical, and auditory cues signalling fighting ability have independently evolved in many animal taxa as a means to resolve conflicts without escalating to physical aggression. Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR, i.e., the relative width to height of the face) has been associated with do...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1775
更新日期:2016-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Background. The gram-negative Neisseria is associated with two of the most potent human epidemic diseases: meningococcal meningitis and gonorrhoea. In both cases, disease is caused by bacteria colonizing human mucosal membrane surfaces. Overall, the genus shows great diversity and genetic variation mainly due to its a...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1698
更新日期:2016-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudoterranovosis is a well-known human disease caused by anisakid larvae belonging to the genus Pseudoterranova. Human infection occurs after consuming infected fish. Hence the presence of Pseudoterranova larvae in the flesh of the fish can cause serious losses and problems for the seafood, fishing and fisheries ind...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1722
更新日期:2016-03-15 00:00:00